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Chronic kidney disease — master index

Last curated: 2026-09-02 (built by codex, independently audited by Claude, deepened by Claude, additions independently audited by Codex) · status: 22 curated pages, 2 draft pages · 24 planned pages · 24 built · 310 unique PubMed records, every one re-resolved live against PubMed E-utilities on 2026-09-02 · 42 ClinicalTrials.gov records, all re-resolved live · 5 landmark notes

The condition in five sentences. CKD is persistent kidney structural or functional abnormality, staged by cause, GFR and albuminuria because both eGFR and uACR independently grade kidney, cardiovascular and mortality risk (KDIGO 2024, PMID 38490803; CKD Prognosis Consortium 2023, PMID 37787795). GBD 2023 estimates 788 million adults with CKD and an age-standardised adult prevalence of 14.2%, making it the ninth leading cause of death worldwide — yet lifetime risk of treated kidney failure is about 1 in 32 men and 1 in 71 women, and the distance between those two numbers is where most clinical judgement in this condition lives (PMIDs: 41213283, 32040656). Race-free eGFR equations changed classification and unmasked a high-risk subgroup, while simultaneously pushing more Black patients below trial-eligibility floors — a reform whose net effect on any patient-important outcome remains unmeasured (PMIDs: 34554658, 36069064, 39100866, 36606692). Interventions that alter glomerular haemodynamics have almost all succeeded (SGLT2 inhibition reduces progression by 37% across 90,409 randomized participants) while interventions that correct the biochemistry of advanced CKD — PTH, phosphate, vitamin D, haemoglobin, potassium — have almost all failed (PMIDs: 36351458, 23121374, 34003226, 22337679, 19880844, 40618849). With a median global supply of 11.75 nephrologists per million population, the binding constraint on outcomes is now conversion and delivery rather than efficacy (PMID 39235198).

Start here: overview. Research frontier: OPEN-QUESTIONS.md. Growth history: LOG.md.

Scope and borders

• Owns CKD definition, cause, progression, prognosis, complications, kidney-directed therapy, kidney replacement decisions, conservative care and patient experience.
• Dialysis technique and transplant immunology each receive decision-and-outcome treatment only; modality engineering, access technique and immunosuppression protocols are excluded.
• The diabetic-kidney-disease page owns kidney endpoints and links the diabetes conditions; it does not reproduce glycaemic management.
• Blood pressure as exposure, its measurement, targets and general drug choice belong to hypertension; CKD owns kidney outcomes.
• AKI-to-CKD transition appears in progression; AKI is not built as a condition here.

Reading paths

New to CKD

1. Overview
2. Definition, staging and measurement
3. Causes and aetiology
4. Risk prediction and prognosis

Disease-modifying therapy

1. RAS blockade and kidney outcomes
2. SGLT2 inhibitors
3. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists
4. GLP-1 and emerging therapy
5. Diabetic kidney disease

Advanced disease decisions

1. Risk prediction
2. Kidney replacement therapy decisions
3. Conservative and supportive care
4. Symptom burden and patient experience
5. Red flags and safety concerns

Evidence and policy

1. Guidelines synthesis
2. Clinical trials landscape
3. Statistics
4. Bibliography
5. Open questions

Pages

#	File	Scope	Status	Verified PMID records
1	overview.md	Chronic kidney disease — Overview	curated	54
2	definition-staging-and-measurement.md	Definition, staging and measurement	curated	43
3	epidemiology-and-burden.md	Epidemiology and burden	curated	37
4	causes-and-aetiology.md	Causes and aetiology	curated	40
5	race-and-the-egfr-equation.md	Race and the eGFR equation	curated	34
6	pathophysiology-and-progression.md	Pathophysiology and progression	curated	39
7	risk-prediction-and-prognosis.md	Risk prediction and prognosis	curated	37
8	ras-blockade-and-blood-pressure.md	RAS blockade and kidney outcomes	curated	36
9	sglt2-inhibitors.md	SGLT2 inhibitors	curated	36
10	mineralocorticoid-receptor-antagonists.md	Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists	curated	37
11	glp1-and-emerging-therapy.md	GLP-1 receptor agonists and emerging therapy	curated	35
12	anaemia-of-ckd.md	Anaemia of chronic kidney disease	curated	31
13	mineral-and-bone-disorder.md	CKD mineral and bone disorder	curated	29
14	cardiovascular-risk-in-ckd.md	Cardiovascular risk in CKD	curated	35
15	potassium-acidosis-and-metabolic.md	Potassium, acidosis and metabolic complications	curated	31
16	diet-and-nutrition.md	Diet and nutrition	curated	34
17	diabetic-kidney-disease.md	Diabetic kidney disease	curated	35
18	inherited-and-glomerular-disease.md	Inherited and glomerular disease	curated	36
19	kidney-replacement-therapy-decisions.md	Kidney replacement therapy decisions	curated	34
20	conservative-and-supportive-care.md	Conservative and supportive kidney care	curated	30
21	symptom-burden-and-patient-experience.md	Symptom burden and patient experience	curated	34
22	guidelines.md	Clinical practice guidelines	draft	47
23	clinical-trials-landscape.md	Clinical trials landscape	curated	39
24	red-flags-and-safety-concerns.md	Red flags and safety concerns	draft	35

Literature layer

Layer	File(s)	State
Master bibliography	BIBLIOGRAPHY.md	310 unique cited records, with cited-by mappings derived from the wiki reference sections; all re-resolved live 2026-09-02
Landmark notes	notes/	5 notes: DAPA-CKD, EMPA-KIDNEY, race-free eGFR, IDEAL, FLOW (one mis-attributed PMID corrected at audit)
Guideline registry	REGISTRY.md	17 documents: the original 12 plus the 2026 AHA/ACC/ADA/ASN CKM guideline (2 records), ADA Standards §11 2026, KDIGO 2013 lipids summary, ERBP 2026 anaemia commentary and the NICE NG203 summary; grading-system and revision-cadence disagreements now tabulated
Statistics	STATISTICS.md	292 lines, 124 distinct sourced records across burden, measurement variability and equation performance, age-adaptation and screening economics, surrogate performance, mechanism, aetiology, pooled class effects, complications, symptoms, glomerular disease and safety; closing conflicts section extended
Patient voice method	README.md	ethics and method documented
Patient organizations	organizations.md	11 verified public organizations/campaigns
Patient themes	themes.md	8 themes, each supported by at least two sources
Patient sources	sources.md	annotated inventory with coverage limits

Status note

Built by codex; independently audited by Claude on 2026-09-02; then deepened by Claude and independently re-audited by Codex on 2026-09-02. The deepening pass widened the wiki evidence base from 130 to 306 distinct PubMed records; the re-audit added four records needed to correct stale gaps, for a final 310 records and 42 ClinicalTrials.gov registrations.

22 pages are curated. Every newly added PMID and NCT record on those pages was re-resolved, quantitative additions were checked against the retrieved record, and newly asserted absences were searched again. Two pages remain at draft for the separate pre-existing reasons below.

Two pages carry a separate, pre-existing reason for draft status that the deepening pass did not resolve:

• guidelines.md — it synthesizes what guideline documents recommend, and two of its central sources (KDIGO 2024 full guideline, PMID 38490803; KDIGO 2017 CKD-MBD update, PMID 30675420) carry no PubMed abstract, so those characterizations could not be checked against retrievable source text. The document-level facts it asserts — publication and review dates, supersession chains, URLs — were verified live. The deepening pass added the 2026 AHA/ACC/ADA/ASN CKM guideline and ADA Standards §11, both of which have retrievable records.
• red-flags-and-safety-concerns.md — its trial-derived material is fully verified, but the opening red-flag list and the medication-reconciliation guidance rest on the same non-retrievable KDIGO full text.

See LOG.md for the full record of both the audit and the deepening pass.